Ribosome Biogenesis and Cancer: Insights into NOB1 and PNO1 Mechanisms
- Authors: Ragunath M.1, Shen A.2, Wei L.3, Peng J.4, Thiruvengadam M.5
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Affiliations:
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine,, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University
- Issue: Vol 30, No 37 (2024)
- Pages: 2911-2921
- Section: Immunology, Inflammation & Allergy
- URL: https://vestnikugrasu.org/1381-6128/article/view/645955
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128301870240730071910
- ID: 645955
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
:Post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs) are pivotal in the regulation of gene expression, and pseudouridylation is emerging as a critical player. This modification, facilitated by enzymes such as NOB1 (PNO1), is integral to ribosome biogenesis. PNO1, in collaboration with the NIN1/RPN12 binding protein 1 homolog (NOB1), is vital for the maturation of ribosomes, transitioning 20S pre-rRNA into functional 18S rRNA. Recent studies have highlighted PNO1's potential involvement in cancer progression; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Relentless growth characterizing cancer underscores the burgeoning significance of epitranscriptomic modifications, including pseudouridylation, in oncogenesis. Given PNO1's emerging role, it is imperative to delineate its contribution to cancer development to identify novel therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes the current literature regarding the role of PNO1 in cancer progression and its molecular underpinnings in oncogenesis. Overexpression of PNO1 was associated with unfavorable prognosis and increased tumor malignancy. At the molecular level, PNO1 facilitates cancer progression by modulating mRNA stability, alternative splicing, and translation efficiency. Its role in pseudouridylation of oncogenic and tumor-suppressor transcripts further underscores its significance in cancer biology. Although disruption of ribosome biogenesis is known to precipitate oncogenesis, the precise mechanisms by which these alterations contribute to cancer remain unclear. This review elucidates the intricate process of ribosomal small subunit maturation, highlighting the roles of crucial ribosomal proteins (RPs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) as well as the positioning and function of NOB1 and PNO1 within the 40S subunit. The involvement of these components in the maturation of the small subunit (SSU) and their significance in the context of cancer therapeutics has been thoroughly explored. PNO1's burgeoning significance in oncology makes it a potential target for cancer therapies. Strategies aimed at modulating PNO1-mediated pseudouridylation may provide new avenues for cancer treatment. However, further research is essential to unravel the complete spectrum of PNO1 mechanisms in cancer and harness this knowledge for the development of targeted and more efficacious anticancer therapies.
Keywords
About the authors
Muthu Ragunath
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University
Email: info@benthamscience.net
Aling Shen
Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,
Email: info@benthamscience.net
Lin Wei
Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine,, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Email: info@benthamscience.net
Jun Peng
Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net
Muthu Thiruvengadam
Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University
Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net
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