Dental Caries: Unveiling the State-of-the-art Insights and Crafting Hypotheses for Oral Health
- Authors: Kaur P.1, Vyas M.1, Sharma S.2
-
Affiliations:
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University
- Issue: Vol 30, No 34 (2024)
- Pages: 2667-2670
- Section: Immunology, Inflammation & Allergy
- URL: https://vestnikugrasu.org/1381-6128/article/view/645937
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128318101240708095951
- ID: 645937
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
:The pathophysiological understanding of dental caries explains that the primary factor responsible is linked to an imbalance in microbial composition within the oral cavity, stemming from both artificial and natural sources. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the most accountable and prevalent pathogen for caries development among the diverse pool. S. mutans, an acidogenic bacterium, lowers oral pH through the metabolic conversion of dietary sugar into organic acids, leading to enamel demineralization and dental caries. Numerous antibacterial interventions have been employed in the past to address this issue. However, adopting such an approach poses the risk of exacerbating concerns related to Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and long-term oral cytotoxicity. In response to this, a sustainable strategy is suggested, involving the utilization of L-Arginine (L-Arg) as a probiotic nutrient supplement for non-pathogenic microbes. It will help in creating a natural competitive environment against the pathogenic microbes responsible for initiating dental caries. The hypothesis involves utilizing a combination of a nutrient supplement and the repurposed drug Piceatannol, specifically for its anti-biofilm properties. This combination synergistically improves the effectiveness of the therapy by converting the complex microbial biofilm into a planktonic state.
About the authors
Palwinder Kaur
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University
Email: info@benthamscience.net
Manish Vyas
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University
Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net
Sandeep Sharma
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University
Email: info@benthamscience.net
References
- Strużycka I. The oral microbiome in dental caries. Pol J Microbiol 2014; 63(2): 127-35. doi: 10.33073/pjm-2014-018 PMID: 25115106
- Malcangi G, Patano A, Morolla R, De Santis M, Piras F, Settanni V. Analysis of dental enamel remineralization: A systematic review of technique comparisons. Bioengineering 2023; 10(4): 472. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10040472
- Global Oral Health Status Report. 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/team/noncommunicable-diseases/global-status-report-on-oral-health-2022
- Arweiler NB, Netuschil L. The oral microbiota. Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 902: 45-60. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-31248-4_4 PMID: 27161350
- Guo L, Wenyuan S. Salivary biomarkers for caries risk assessment. J Calif Dent Assoc 2013; 41(2): 107-118, 112-118. doi: 10.1080/19424396.2013.12222284 PMID: 23505756
- Featherstone JD, Fontana M, Wolff M. Novel anticaries and remineralization agents: Future research needs. J Dent Res 2018; 97(2): 125-7. doi: 10.1177/0022034517746371 PMID: 29355470
- Lamont RJ, Koo H, Hajishengallis G. The oral microbiota: Dynamic communities and host interactions. Nat Rev Microbiol 2018; 16(12): 745-59. doi: 10.1038/s41579-018-0089-x PMID: 30301974
- Dawes C. What is the critical pH and why does a tooth dissolve in acid? J Can Dent Assoc 2003; 69(11): 722-4. PMID: 14653937
- Carvalho TS, Lussi A, Schlueter N, Baumann T. Differences in susceptibility of deciduous and permanent teeth to erosion exist, albeit depending on protocol design and method of assessment. Sci Rep 2022; 12(1): 4153. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08116-0 PMID: 35264778
- Guo L, McLean JS, Lux R, He X, Shi W. The well-coordinated linkage between acidogenicity and aciduricity via insoluble glucans on the surface of Streptococcus mutans. Sci Rep 2015; 5(1): 18015. doi: 10.1038/srep18015 PMID: 26657939
- Kaur P, Vyas M, Verma S. Dental Caries: A review on etiology, therapeutic approaches, novel formulations, and marketed preparations. ECS Trans 2022; 107(1): 8035-48. doi: 10.1149/10701.8035ecst
- Lemos JA, Palmer SR, Zeng L, et al. The biology of Streptococcus mutans. Microbiol Spectr 2019; 7(1): 7.1.03. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0051-2018 PMID: 30657107
- Murray Anderson Annie Reid JT. Guideline: Sugars intake for adults and children. World Heal Organ 2018; 57(6): 1716-22.
- Pitts NB, Zero DT, Marsh PD, Ekstrand K, Weintraub JA, Ramos-Gomez F. Dental caries. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017; 3: 17030. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.30
- Lopes PC, Gomes ATPC, Mendes K, Blanco L, Correia MJ. Unlocking the potential of probiotic administration in caries management: A systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24(1): 216. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-03893-8 PMID: 38341538
- Lagerweij MD, van Loveren C. Declining caries trends: Are we satisfied? Curr Oral Health Rep 2015; 2(4): 212-7. doi: 10.1007/s40496-015-0064-9 PMID: 26523247
- Philip N, Suneja B, Walsh LJ. Ecological approaches to dental caries prevention: Paradigm shift or shibboleth? Caries Res 2018; 52(1-2): 153-65. doi: 10.1159/000484985 PMID: 29320767
- Twetman S. Prevention of dental caries as a non-communicable disease. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 126(S1): 19-25. doi: 10.1111/eos.12528 PMID: 30178558
- Bessa LJ, Botelho J, Machado V, Alves R, Mendes JJ. Managing oral health in the context of antimicrobial resistance. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19(24): 16448. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416448 PMID: 36554332
- Featherstone JDB, Chaffee BW. The evidence for caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA®). Adv Dent Res 2018; 29(1): 9-14. doi: 10.1177/0022034517736500 PMID: 29355423
- Curtis MA, Diaz PI, Van Dyke TE. The role of the microbiota in periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2020; 83(1): 14-25. doi: 10.1111/prd.12296 PMID: 32385883
- Osamudiamen PM, Oluremi BB, Oderinlo OO, Aiyelaagbe OO. Trans-resveratrol, piceatannol and gallic acid: Potent polyphenols isolated from Mezoneuron benthamianum effective as anticaries, antioxidant and cytotoxic agents. Sci Am 2020; 7: e00244. doi: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00244
- Nijampatnam B, Zhang H, Cai X, Michalek SM, Wu H, Velu SE. Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans biofilms by the natural stilbene piceatannol through the inhibition of glucosyltransferases. ACS Omega 2018; 3(7): 8378-85. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00367 PMID: 30087944
- Lolayekar N, Kadkhodayan S. Estimation of salivary pH and viability of Streptococcus mutans on chewing of Tulsi leaves in children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2019; 37(1): 87-91. doi: 10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_91_17 PMID: 30804313
- Kolderman E, Bettampadi D, Samarian D, et al. L-arginine destabilizes oral multi-species biofilm communities developed in human saliva. PLoS One 2015; 10(5): e0121835. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121835 PMID: 25946040
- Ccahuana-Vásquez RA, Cury JA. S. mutans biofilm model to evaluate antimicrobial substances and enamel demineralization. Braz Oral Res 2010; 24(2): 135-41. doi: 10.1590/S1806-83242010000200002 PMID: 20658029
- Gu M, Wang Q, Fan R, et al. Isolation, characterization and antibacterial activity of 4-allylbenzene-1,2-diol from Piper austrosinense. Molecules 2023; 28(8): 3572. doi: 10.3390/molecules28083572 PMID: 37110806
- Ástvaldsdóttir Á, Naimi-Akbar A, Davidson T, et al. Arginine and caries prevention: A systematic review. Caries Res 2016; 50(4): 383-93. doi: 10.1159/000446249 PMID: 27403876
- Kim HE, Liu Y, Dhall A, Bawazir M, Koo H, Hwang G. Synergism of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans reinforces biofilm maturation and acidogenicity in saliva: An in vitro study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10: 623980. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.623980 PMID: 33680985
- Zheng X, He J, Wang L, et al. Ecological effect of arginine on oral microbiota. Sci Rep 2017; 7(1): 7206. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07042-w PMID: 28775282
- Nascimento MM. Potential uses of arginine in dentistry. Adv Dent Res 2018; 29(1): 98-103. doi: 10.1177/0022034517735294 PMID: 29355411
Supplementary files
