Research of electrode materials for the creation of multifunctional current sources with increased capacity as a components of the energy sector of an efficient urban environment

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Abstract

As part of creating a comfortable and safe environment, constructing energy-efficient residential and industrial buildings and structures that meet modern requirements and standards, the development of the production of environmentally friendly renewable and new individual energy sources is becoming especially relevant. In this regard, there is a need to increase the energy capacity of electrochemical cells. Research has been carried out on the metallized conductive materials creation based on rolled carbon non-woven material “Busofit” with the sequential application of metal coatings of titanium and silver using ion-plasma sputtering and electric pulse dispersion methods. It has been shown that surface layer metallization of the electrode material with titanium can improve the electrochemical cell characteristics. Additional silver film deposition leads to further cell performance improvement. It has been confirmed that the multilayer structure interfacial resistance between the carbon and the current collector has a significant effect on the conductivity of the electrochemical cell and the stability of its operation. The contact area increase of the electrode with the electrolyte leads to an increase in the rate processes occurring on the electrode surface and in the near-electrode space, which opens up prospects for increasing the energy intensity of the electrochemical system. A significant capacity increase of a water-based capacitor structure is achieved by the formation of a nanostructured dielectric layer of potassium titanate in the interelectrode space. It has been confirmed that the cell voltage cycling helps to stabilize the processes occurring in the surface layer of the electrode material at the interface and determining the range of mechanisms for transmitting electrical energy, which makes it possible to achieve higher energy intensity of the samples. Improvement of technological solutions in the field of ion-plasma technologies and the use of new perspective nanostructured materials creates the prerequisites for the creation of advanced automation and energy supply systems with a higher resource, which expands the possibilities of their use in various construction projects.

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About the authors

T. V. Revenok

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering

Author for correspondence.
Email: trevenok@gmail.com

Candidate of Sciences (Chemistry), Assistant Professor 

Russian Federation, 26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, Moscow, 129337

V. V. Sleptsov

Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)

Email: 08fraktal@inbox.ru

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor 

Russian Federation, 4, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125993

A. O. Diteleva

Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)

Email: anna.diteleva@mail.ru

Senior Lecturer 

Russian Federation, 4, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125993

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Non-woven material fiber «Busofit» with a coating: a – titanium; b – aluminum; c – magnesium

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3. Fig. 2. Non-woven fibers «Busofit» coated with a multilayer film based on titanium and silver

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4. Fig. 3. Dependence of the resistance of the electrochemical element on the contact area of the surface layer of the electrode material: ⬛ – capacitor with Ti (lithium electrolyte); ⬜ – capacitor with Ti+Ag (lithium electrolyte); □ – capacitor with Ti+Ag (aqueous electrolyte)

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5. Fig. 4. Dependence of the specific energy capacity of the electrochemical cell on the contact area of the surface layer of the electrode material: ⬛ – capacitor with Ti (lithium electrolyte); ⬜ – capacitor with Ti+Ag (lithium electrolyte); □ – capacitor with Ti+Ag (aqueous electrolyte)

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6. Fig. 5. Cyclovoltammetric (CV) analysis curves for an electrochemical cell with titanium-modified electrodes (potential change rate 10 mV/s): 1 – 0–6000 mV; 2 – 0–5000 mV

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7. Fig. 6. Graph of the increase in voltage of the electrochemical cell during cycling (current 0.1 A)

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8. Fig. 7. Values of electrochemical cell capacity during cycling (current 0.1 A) with increasing operating voltage

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9. Fig. 8. Graph of the increase in voltage of the electrochemical cell after cycling (current 0.15 A)

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10. Fig. 9. Electrochemical cell capacity values after cycling at a current of 0.15 A with an increase in operating voltage

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