Vol 22, No 1 (2026)

Subject of research: the imperfection of national law and the specifics of law enforcement practice, indicating the difficulties that arise during the investigation of crimes related to the legalization of drug proceeds.

Purpose of research: to develop proposals to overcome the problems of law enforcement practice related to the legalization of drug proceeds.

Methods and object of research: the article uses such general scientific research methods as generalization, analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction and concretization, at the same time, relations related to the implementation of criminal liability for illicit drug trafficking are considered as the object.

Research findings. The legalization (laundering) of criminally acquired funds or other property allows criminals to legally use profits from crimes committed, including in the field of drug trafficking. Colossal amounts of capital involved in operations to legalize (launder) funds or other property acquired by criminal means, penetrating into legitimate economic activities.

Subject of research: private law instruments in the criminal process, namely mediation, restitution and compensation for harm, considered as alternatives to traditional criminal prosecution.

Purpose of research: to analyze the legal nature, regulatory bases and the practical role of private law instruments in achieving a balance between public and private interests in criminal proceedings, as well as to identify problems of their application and develop proposals for their improvement.

Research methods: the work uses general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis), the formal legal method for studying the regulatory framework (CPC RF, CC RF), as well as comparative legal and systematic approaches to assess the effectiveness and integration of private legal mechanisms in the criminal process.

Object of research is social relations arising in connection with the use of mediation, restitution and compensation of harm in the framework of criminal proceedings.

Research findings: it was found that private law instruments contribute to the humanization of the criminal process, reduce the burden on the law enforcement system and better satisfy the interests of the victim. The key problems of their application are revealed: insufficient legislative regulation, lack of infrastructure and conservative attitude of law enforcement officers. Measures are proposed to improve the regulatory framework, develop reconciliation services and enhance the legal culture of the participants in the process.

The state of environmental security in the Russian Federation directly depends on the degree of implementation of strategic national priorities, the transformation of crime, and the emergence of new types of criminal threats. These threats are shaping new types of crime based on the interaction between humans and environmental safety. The study of these threats is one of the areas of criminological research, which has recently been increasingly subject to modernization.

Subject of research: a study of the positive experiences of foreign countries in combating crime in the organization of carbon credit circulation in the Russian Federation.

Purpose of research: to predict the criminological risks that may arise when organizing carbon credit circulation in the Russian Federation.

Research methods: comparative legal, formal legal, extrapolation, modeling, and expert assessment.

Objects of research: social relations arising during the organization of carbon credit circulation in the Russian Federation.

Research findings: forming a forecast for specific types of crimes related to the organization of carbon credit turnover in the Russian Federation.

In order to establish a preventive effect on violent crime using information and telecommunication technologies among minors, it is necessary to study the impact of internal and external factors of the manifestation of this type of crime. This issue is relevant at the present stage, since the manifestations of these factors are dangerous for the teenager himself, his relatives and society as a whole.

Subject of research is the circumstances of economic, social, cultural, ideological, psychological, political, legal and other nature, which are the causes and conditions for the commission of violent telecommunications and information crimes by minors.

Purpose of research is a systematic analysis of the factors of violent crime using information and telecommunication technologies to increase the effectiveness of preventing this type of juvenile delinquency.

Research methods: in the course of the author's work, the general metaphysical method was used, as well as methods such as consideration, analysis, induction, deduction. The author used private scientific methods in the study: formal-logical, formal-legal, comparative-legal, systemic-structural.

Object of research: social relations related to the study of internal and external factors for the development of measures to prevent and prevent destructive behavior of minors who have committed violent crimes using information and telecommunication technologies and are potentially prone to commit them.

Research findings: in the course of the study, it was formulated that modern realities cause special attention and concern of law enforcement agencies to the number of criminal acts committed by minors. The author provides a list of internal and external factors of minors committing violent crimes using information and telecommunication technologies. The growth of the phenomena under consideration is due to a variety of objective reasons and conditions, which are assessed subjectively by adolescents. These circumstances determine the increased brutality and aggressiveness.

Subject of research: the set of methods and models of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the field of computer vision that ensure the analysis and processing of video lectures as multimodal data sources.

Purpose of research: to develop and substantiate an approach to solving the non-trivial problem of segmenting a video lecture into scenes, each corresponding to a unique frame that reflects textual content at a specific stage of material presentation, with the aim of subsequent processing of the obtained results using optical character recognition methods.

Research methods: the primary research method is the decomposition of a video lecture as a multimodal object into individual modalities, followed by data analysis based on a multimodel data processing pipeline.

Objects of research: within the scope of this paper, the objects of the study are video lectures of three main types, serving as sources of multimodal data for analysis and processing.

Research findings: a multimodel data processing pipeline has been developed and substantiated for each of the identified types of video lectures. An evaluation of the applied models was conducted, and their influence on the formation of the final processing results was analyzed.

Subject of research: methodology for processing expert assessments in the forensic centers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia based on the weighted median principle.

Purpose of research: to develop and test an algorithm for processing expert assessments that takes into account the competence of experts and ensures consistency of opinions when evaluating the effectiveness of forensic units.

Research methods: mathematical modeling, expert assessment methods, decision theory, statistical analysis methods, pairwise comparison method, methods for assessing the consistency of expert opinions.

Objects of research: the expert decision-making process in the organizational and technical systems of the ECC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; methods and algorithms for processing group expert assessments.

Research findings: an algorithm for processing expert assessments based on a weighted median has been developed, which allows taking into account the competence of experts and ensuring consistency of their opinions. The algorithm was tested using the example of evaluating the effectiveness of the ECC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in terms of execution time (T), quality (Q) and resource intensity (R). During the testing of the developed algorithm, it was found that the proposed algorithm ensures high consistency of expert assessments and allows an objective ranking of performance indicators.

Subject of research: methods and approaches to developing a neural network model for identifying parameters of a dynamic system applied in the process of signal recovery. Special attention is given to exploring the capabilities of neural networks in ensuring high precision and reliability in determining constant coefficients of sensor transfer functions.

Purpose of research: to develop an effective neural network model capable of accurately determining the parameters of a dynamic system necessary for high-quality signal restoration.

Research methods: machine learning techniques are employed, specifically deep neural networks equipped with a self-regularization module. Key stages of the research included data preparation, feature extraction, design of the neural network architecture, and computational experiments.

Objects of research: the object of research includes real measurement systems operating under industrial conditions.

Research findings: experiments have shown that the proposed neural network approach successfully restores the parameters of dynamic systems even in the presence of substantial noise and uncertainties in the data. The experiments confirmed the accuracy of parameter recovery with an error less than 5 %.