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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Yugra State University Bulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Yugra State University Bulletin</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Югорского государственного университета</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1816-9228</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2078-9114</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Yugra State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">704777</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18822/byusu20260277-84</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mathematical modeling and information technology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Математическое моделирование и информационные технологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Finite difference simulation of three-dimensional micropolar fluid flow in a cubic cavity with a moving upper wall</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Конечно-разностное моделирование трехмерного течения микрополярной жидкости в кубической полости с подвижной верхней стенкой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prosviryakov</surname><given-names>Evgenii Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Просвиряков</surname><given-names>Евгений Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Professor at the Department of Information Technology and Automation, Head of Sector, Sect. of Nonlinear Vortex Hydrodynamics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физико-математических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры «Информационные технологии и системы управления» Института радиоэлектроники и информационных технологий, заведующий сектором нелинейной вихревой гидродинамики</p></bio><email>evgen_pros@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubareva</surname><given-names>Kristina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губарева</surname><given-names>Кристина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Engineering Science, Associate Professor at the Department of Industrial Thermal Power Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Промышленная теплоэнергетика»</p></bio><email>r.kristina2017@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт машиноведения имени Э. С. Горкунова Уральского отделения РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Technical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Самарский государственный технический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-09"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Yugra State University</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Югорский государственный университет</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yugra State University</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Югорский государственный университет</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikugrasu.org/byusu/article/view/704777">https://vestnikugrasu.org/byusu/article/view/704777</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Subject of research: numerical methods for solving micropolar fluid dynamics equations applied to three-dimensional flows in confined cavities.</p> <p>Purpose of research: development and testing of a finite-difference algorithm for modeling three-dimensional micropolar fluid flow in a cubic lid-driven cavity, ensuring stability and high accuracy.</p> <p>Research methods: the finite difference method on a uniform grid with an upwind scheme for convective terms is used; the coupled system of Navier-Stokes and microrotation equations is solved using the projection method for pressure; verification is performed by comparison with the analytical solution for a Newtonian fluid and convergence analysis on successively refined grids.</p> <p>Objects of research: three-dimensional micropolar fluid flow in a cubic lid-driven cavity; the influence of the micropolarity parameter on the flow structure and dissipative characteristics.</p> <p>Research findings: the developed method demonstrates second-order spatial convergence; the relative error in the central cross-section of the cavity compared to the analytical solution for a Newtonian fluid does not exceed 2.4×10<sup>-4</sup>. It is established that an increase in the micropolarity parameter leads to a nonlinear deformation of the velocity profile (deviation up to 18 % at <italic>N </italic>= 0.9) and an increase in integral dissipation by a factor of 2.8. The algorithm is stable within the ranges <italic>Re</italic> ∈ [1,50], <italic>N </italic>∈ [0,0.9], <italic>m</italic> ∈ [0.1,0.5].</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Предмет исследования: численные методы решения уравнений микрополярной гидродинамики применительно к трёхмерным течениям в замкнутых полостях.</p> <p>Цель исследования: разработка и апробация конечно-разностного алгоритма для моделирования трёхмерного течения микрополярной жидкости в кубической полости с подвижной верхней стенкой, обеспечивающего устойчивость и высокую точность.</p> <p>Методы исследования: использован метод конечных разностей на равномерной сетке с аппроксимацией конвективных членов схемой против потока; решение связанной системы уравнений Навье – Стокса и микровращения выполнено с применением метода проекций для давления; верификация проведена сравнением с аналитическим решением для ньютоновской жидкости и анализом сходимости на последовательно сгущающихся сетках.</p> <p>Объекты исследования: трёхмерное течение микрополярной жидкости в кубической полости с подвижной верхней стенкой; влияние параметра микрополярности на структуру течения и диссипативные характеристики.</p> <p>Основные результаты исследования: разработанный метод демонстрирует второй порядок сходимости по пространству; относительная погрешность в центральном сечении полости при сравнении с аналитическим решением для ньютоновской жидкости не превышает 2.4×10<sup>-4</sup>. Установлено, что увеличение параметра микрополярности приводит к нелинейной деформации профиля скорости (отклонение до 18 % при <italic>N</italic> = 0.9) и росту интегральной диссипации в 2.8 раза. Показана устойчивость алгоритма в диапазонах <italic>Re</italic> ∈ [1,50], <italic>N</italic> ∈ [0,0.9], <italic>m</italic> ∈ [0.1,0.5].</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>micropolar fluid</kwd><kwd>Couette flow</kwd><kwd>finite difference method</kwd><kwd>three-dimensional modeling</kwd><kwd>numerical convergence</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микрополярная жидкость</kwd><kwd>течение Куэтта</kwd><kwd>метод конечных разностей</kwd><kwd>трехмерное моделирование</kwd><kwd>численная сходимость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Самарский, А. А. Разностные методы решения задач газовой динамики / А. А. Самарский, Ю. П. 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